Showing posts with label #ArticleVideo. Show all posts
Showing posts with label #ArticleVideo. Show all posts

Monday, August 3, 2020

Now there are TWELVE laws and FIVE proclamations recognizing the Noahide Laws in the USA

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PLEASE NOTE: - after consulting with lawyers it needs to be noted that these laws are not unconstitutional as they do not make the Noahide Laws the laws of America, however, laws written in ways such as this can be repealed for being "offensive" or inaccurate, which these are both. It is the principle of the matter, our congress and president should not be condoning these ideas in any official capacity.

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This campaign started to repeal Public Law 102-14 (here), then I found Public Law 103-14 which stated that the Noahide Laws are the cornerstone of society (here). After finding the 2nd law I wondered if it were a sleeper law, to protect against the repeal of Public Law 102-14 which was the most well known and famous... I started to wonder if there were other laws as well. Soon, I found another four laws and two proclamations (here) which included much new important information to the legal status of Noahide Law in the United States. When I thought I would find nothing more I stumbled upon three more laws and one more proclamation bringing the total number to nine laws and three proclamations (here). Now I have found three more laws and two additional proclamations bringing the total number (as of yet) to twelve laws and five proclamations which recognize the Noahide Laws in the United States. Most of these laws are repetitive but public law 101-15 carries a very important clause. 

First let's get out of the way the repetitive parts of the law which have been repeated in almost all laws signed in on the Noahide Laws so far. They are listed below but I would like to add one additional clause to the list and that is these laws state that we are "preoccupied" with the crisis created by the weakening of the Noahide Laws. 

  • The Noahide Laws are the basis upon which the American nation was founded
  • Without Noahide Law the nation stands in peril of chaos
  • Society is concerned with the weakening of the Noahide Laws
  • The weakening of Noahide Law threatens society
  • The nation is "preoccupied" with the crisis created by the weakening of the Noahide Laws
  • It is the nation's responsibility to educate the public on these Noahide Laws
  • The Lubavitch Movement promotes the Noahide Laws

First is Public Law 98-264, signed by President Ronald Reagan in 1984. The Law does not carry any new information other than Rabbi Schneerson's 82nd Birthday is designated is "Education Day, USA"


Whereas Congress recognizes the historical tradition of ethical values and principles which are the basis of civilized society and upon which our great Nation was founded;

Whereas these ethical values and principles have been the bedrock of society from the dawn of civilization, when they were known as the Seven Noahide Laws;

Whereas without these ethical values and principles the edifice of civilization stands in serious peril of returning to chaos;

Whereas society is profoundly concerned with the recent weakening of these principles that has resulted in crises that beleaguer and threaten the fabric of civilized society;

Whereas the justified preoccupation with these crises must not let the citizens of this Nation lose sight of their responsibility to transmit these historical ethical values from our distinguished past to the generations of the future;

Whereas the Lubavitch movement has fostered and promoted these ethical values and principles throughout the world;

Whereas Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson is the universally respected and revered leader of the Lubavitch movement, and his eighty-second birthday falls on April 13, 1984: Now, therefore, be
it

Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled. That April 13, 1984, the birthday of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader and head of the worldwide Lubavitch movement, is designated as "Education Day, U.S.A.". The President is requested to issue a proclamation calling upon the people of the United States to observe such day with appropriate ceremonies and activities.

Approved April 13,1984.
Proclamation 5181 was signed in 1984 by President Ronal Reagan and makes the following statement "In fostering and promoting a tradition of ethical values that can trace its roots to the Seven Noahide Laws, which have often been cited as universal norms of ethical conduct and a guarantee of fundamental human rights, the Lubavitch movement and its greatly respected leader have shown Americans of every faith that true education involves not simply what one knows, but how one lives."


Education Day, U.S.A., 1984
By the President of the United States of America
A Proclamation

Throughout our history, Americans have recognized that education is vital to our Nation's future. Our educational system has always done far more than simply train people for a given job or profession; it has equipped generation upon generation of young men and women for lives of responsible citizenship, by helping to teach them the basic ethical values and principles that are both our heritage as a free people and the foundation of civilized life.

As the beneficiaries of that heritage, we bear a corresponding responsibility to ensure that the moral values on which freedom rests continue to be transmitted to each successive generation of Americans. 

If our educational efforts are rooted in first principles—that human life is sacred; that men and women should be treated as individuals, with certain fundamental rights and responsibilities; that respect for law is crucial to the survival of freedom—then our children and our children's children will share, as we have, in the blessings of liberty.

The Lubavitch movement, headed by Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, has provided people of all faiths a shining example of the true value of education. The Lubavitcher Rebbe's work is a living reminder that knowledge is worthy only when accompanied by moral and spiritual wisdom and understanding.

In fostering and promoting a tradition of ethical values that can trace its roots to the Seven Noahide Laws, which have often been cited as universal norms of ethical conduct and a guarantee of fundamental human rights, the Lubavitch movement and its greatly respected leader have shown Americans of every faith that true education involves not simply what one knows, but how one lives.

In recognition of Rabbi Schneerson's contributions and in honor of his 82nd birthday on the 11th day of the Jewish month Nisan, which falls this year on April 13, the Congress, by House Joint Resolution 520, has designated April 13, 1984, as "Education Day, U.S.A.," and has authorized and requested the President to issue an appropriate proclamation.
Public Law 99-276 was signed by President Ronald Reagan in 1984. The Law does not carry any new information other than Rabbi Schneerson's 84th Birthday is designated is "Education Day, USA"


Whereas Congress recognizes the historical tradition of ethical values and principles which are the basis of civilized society and upon which our great Nation was founded;

Whereas these ethical values and principles have been the bedrock of society from the dawn of civilization, when they were known as the Seven Noahide Laws;

Whereas without these ethical values and principles the edifice of civilization stands in serious peril of returning to chaos;

Whereas society is profoundly concerned with the recent weakening of these principles that has resulted in crises that beleaguer and threaten the fabric of civilized society;

Whereas the justified preoccupation with these crises must not let the citizens of this Nation lose sight of their responsibility to transmit these historical ethical values from our distinguished past to the generations of the future;

Whereas the Lubavitch movement has fostered and promoted these ethical values and principles throughout the World; and

Whereas Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader of the Lubavitch movement, is universally respected and revered and his eighty-fourth birthday falls on April 20,1986: Now, therefore, be it

Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled. That April 20, 1986, the birthday of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader and head
of the worldwide Lubavitch movement, is designated as "Education Day, U.S.A.". The President is requested to issue a proclamation calling upon the people of the United States to observe such day
with appropriate ceremonies and activities.

Approved April 22, 1986.
Proclamation 5463 was signed in 1986 by Ronal Reagan and states that Rabbi Schneerson "exemplifies the rich tradition of the Seven Noahide Laws" and that the Noahide Laws "have been the lodestar of the Lubavitch movement from its inception"


Education Day, U.S.A., 1986 .1
By the President of the United States of America
A Proclamation

From earliest colonial days, Americans have always known that education is the golden key that opens the door to achievement and progress. This Administration has placed renewed emphasis on excellence in education, and already the results are encouraging. By setting high standards we challenge the young to stretch their mental muscles and strive to achieve the best that is in them. Such an education succeeds because it makes learning an adventure.

Education is like a diamond with many facets: it includes the basic mastery of numbers and letters that give us access to the treasury of human knowledge, accumulated and refined through the ages; it includes technical and vocational training as well as instruction in science, higher mathematics, and humane letters. But no true education can leave out the moral and spiritual dimensions of human life and human striving. Only education that addresses this dimension can lead to that blend of compassion, humility, and understanding that is summed up in one word: wisdom.

"Happy the man," Scripture tells us, "who finds wisdom. . . . Her ways are ways of pleasantness, and all her paths are peace. She is a tree of life to those who come to possess her."

The Congress has sought to call attention to these durable values by adopting resolutions that pay tribute to the example of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, a man who has dedicated his life to the search for wisdom and to guiding others along its pathways. He exemplifies the rich tradition of
the Seven Noahide Laws, which have been the lodestar of the Lubavitch movement from its inception.

In recognition of Rabbi Schneerson's noble achievements and in celebration of his 84th birthday, the Congress, by House Joint Resolution 582, has designated April 20 as "Education Day, U.S.A." and authorized and requested the President to issue an appropriate proclamation in observance of this event.

NOW, THEREFORE, I, RONALD REAGAN, President of the United States of America, do hereby proclaim Sunday, April 20, 1986, as Education Day, U.S.A., and I call upon the people of the United States, and in particular our teachers and other educational leaders, to observe that day with appropriate ceremonies and activities.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this nineteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and eighty-six, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and tenth.

RONALD REAGAN
Public Law 101-15 was signed in 1989 by President George H. W. Bush and carries the most important statements of the laws presented in this new post. Though this was stated again in Public Law 101-267
in 1990 by George H. W. Bush (here), here is what seems to be the first instance where we see that congress has recognized that Rabbi Schneerson has ascended to the leadership of the spiritual guidance of world Jewry and that this has been reflected in an international scroll. However, this law is very important because our opponents will try to tell us that the only part of these laws that are signed in is the ending clause where Rabbi Schneerson's birthday is designated as Education Day USA. These laws say that "congress recognizes" these statements first of all, so we are making a statement which the government is proclaiming is fact. Second these laws first promise that international scrolls will be signed recognizing the Noahide Laws, and then later we see in other laws that this promise has been fulfilled, so the idea that these clauses have no power or merit is baseless. However, in this law, we do see that in the ending clause, along with assigning Rabbi Schneerson's birthday as Education Day USA, but also that the President calls upon other heads of state to sign a similar scroll to the international scroll which recognized Rabbi Schneerson as the leader of the spiritual guidance of world Jewry and that the State Department is asked to aid the Lubavitch movement in this regard, a man who said non-Jews have satanic souls (here) and who in these laws and proclamations is said to exemplify the Noahide Laws and is the leader of the Lubavitch movement which has had the Noahide Laws as its guiding start since its inception. Has this new international scroll been signed? What does it say? 

PUBLIC LAW 101-15—APR. 18, 1989

Whereas Congress recognizes the historical tradition of ethical values and principles which are the basis of civilized society and upon which our great Nation was founded;

Whereas these ethical values and principles have been the bedrock of society from the dawn of civilization, when they were known as the Seven Noahide Laws;

Whereas without these ethical values and principles the edifice of civilization stands in serious peril of returning to chaos;

Whereas society is profoundly concerned with the recent weakening of these principles that has resulted in crises that beleaguer and threaten the fabric of civilized society;

Whereas the justified preoccupation with these crises must not let the citizens of this Nation lose sight of their responsibility to transmit these historical ethical values from our distinguished
past to the generations of the future;

Whereas the Lubavitch movement through its over one hundred and fifty centers in the United States and many more the world over has fostered and promoted these ethical values and principles throughout the world;

Whereas Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader of the Lubavitch movement, is universally respected and revered and his eighty-seventh year will be seen as the year of continued "turn and return", the year in which we continue to turn to an education which will return the world to the moral and ethical values contained in the Seven Noahide Laws;

Whereas, this year of 1989 (5749 on the Hebrew calendar) is the "40th Anniversary" in which the Rebbe completes the fourth decade since his ascension to the world leadership of the Lubavitch movement and spiritual guidance of world Jewry; and

Whereas this has been reflected in the "international scroll of honor" which has been signed by the President of the United States and other heads of state: Now, therefore, be it

Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That April 16, 1989, the eighty-seventh birthday of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader and head of the worldwide Lubavitch movement, and April 6, 1990, are each designated as "Education Day, U.SA.". The President is requested to issue a proclamation calling upon the people of the United States to observe each such day with appropriate ceremonies and activities. We also call on heads of state of the world to join our President in this tribute by signing similar scrolls of honor which will be presented in their respective countries this year of the "40th Anniversary". On this occasion we would also welcome the cooperation of the Department of State in extending the good office of the United States missions to the Lubavitcher emissaries.

Approved April 18,1989. 
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Saturday, June 27, 2020

Noahides don't need to return lost items to non-Jew

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Recently, on another anti-Noahide blog I have, I relayed an article in which a Noahidist Jew called a Hindu guru animalistic after he found a lost wallet but did not return it to the owner (here). However,  according to the Jew who wrote this article, we find that actually according to the Talmud one is not even allowed to return the lost item of a non-Jews (you must return the item of a lost Jew however). Even non-Jews who follow the Noahide laws are not required to return the lost property. How is that not stealing if you know the party who lost the item? And whose interpretation are we to follow... do you return it our not? It could mean life or death for the non-Jew, so why are these teachings so contradictory?

FULL ARTICLE

https://www.jewishpress.com/judaism/parsha/returning-a-non-jews-lost-item/2013/11/27/

Returning A Non-Jew’s Lost Item
By Rabbi Raphael Fuchs - 25 Kislev 5774 – November 27, 2013

In this week’s parshah, Yosef is the ruler of Mitzrayim and his brothers come to purchase food from him, not realizing with whom they were dealing. On the return from their first trip to Mitzrayim, Yosef’s brothers realized that the money that they paid for their food was returned to them in their sacks of food. Immediately upon their return to Mitzrayim, they were sure that they would be reprimanded for not having paid for their purchased food.

So they confessed to Yosef, and explained to him that they had brought back the money intended for the first acquisition in addition to the money they intended to use to purchase more food. Yosef assured them that everything was okay and that their God and the God of their father must have gifted them by placing money in their sacks. Keep the money, he told them.

The Ohr HaChaim explains Yosef’s response. He says that Yosef was telling his brothers that some other person must have placed the money in their sacks, and that Hashem gave it to them by means of yiush ba’alim (the owner relinquishing his ownership). He was also saying to them that bnei Noach are not commanded to return a lost object that they find.

The Gemara in Sanhedrin 76b says that one is not allowed to return a lost item to a non-Jew. The Gemara speaks very harshly of one who does this. The Rambam (Hilchos Gezeilah 11:3) codifies this prohibition, but adds that it is praiseworthy to return the item if this will make a Kiddush Hashem. Perhaps Yosef’s brothers felt that returning the money would create a Kiddush Hashem, and therefore decided to return the money. Alternatively, they may have felt that if they did not return the money they would be penalized – and perhaps even killed.

Some have asked why the Ohr Hachaim felt it necessary to write that Yosef’s brothers could keep the money due to yiush ba’alim. Why would it not suffice to say that bnei Noach are not commanded to return a lost object that they find?

The Bach (Yoreh De’ah 266) explains that although one may keep a found lost item that belonged to a non-Jew, nonetheless the item still belongs to the non-Jew. The finder does not become the item’s new owner even though he is not obligated to return it. But if the non-Jew had relinquished his ownership before the item was found, the finder would be allowed to keep it.

This is in fact a machlokes. The Machaneh Efraim (Hilchos Gezeilah, siman 31) disagrees with the Bach, saying that one acquires a non-Jew’s lost item when he picks it up – even before he relinquishes ownership.

According to the Bach, perhaps the reason why the Ohr Hachaim says that Yosef told his brothers that the owner had relinquished ownership was because the brothers otherwise would have felt that the money was not theirs to keep. Even though they did not have to return the money, they would not have acquired it. Therefore Yosef assured them that the owner had already relinquished ownership.

If this is so, why did the Ohr Hachayim have to write that the bnei Noach are not commanded to return a found lost object? It would have sufficed to write that the owner has already relinquished ownership.

Perhaps the reason for this is because the Ramban, in Baba Metzia (Milchamos Hashem 26b), explains that when one finds a lost object he becomes a shomer over the object until it is returned to its owner. Whenever one is guarding an object for another we consider the object to be in the domain of the owner. When an object is in its owner’s domain he cannot relinquish ownership. Ownership can only be relinquished when an item is lost; when it is in his domain it is not considered lost and thus he cannot relinquish his ownership. Consequently, if one finds a lost object before the owner relinquishes his ownership, he must still return the object.

Yet since there is no obligation to return a lost object to a non-Jew, the one who finds it will not become a shomer for the non-Jew. Therefore, even if the non-Jew relinquishes his ownership after the object is found, the finder is permitted to keep the object. It is for this reason that the Ohr Hachaim added that bnei Noach are not commanded to return a lost object that they find. It is this fact that permits one to keep a non-Jew’s lost item, even if the non-Jew only relinquished his ownership after the item was found.
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Tuesday, June 23, 2020

New Noahide homophobic organization springs up to replace JONAH


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http://chng.it/yXcvjMZk

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JONAH was a Jewish gay conversion center located in New Jersey which was court shut in 2015 for consumer fraud, peddling unsubstantiated "cures" for homosexuality... after being shut JONAH reopened as JIFGA, a Noahide awareness organization (here). In the wake of their disappointment, some NYC homosexuals and Jews have opened a new conversion group called Community Guardians Group which is up to the same anti-gay Noahide tricks. 


DIRECT QUOTE

According to the tradition of Judaism, the Torah that G-d Almighty gave the Jewish people also contains a universal code of laws applicable to all mankind. Called the "Seven Laws of Noah," this code contains the foundations of human society, including a prohibition against acts of homosexuality, alongside murder, theft and cruelty to animals. The Community Guardians Group is a grassroots organization based in the New York City area that seeks to engage the spirit of the eternal values of the Torah in dialogue on matters that confront American society.

FULL ARTICLE

https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/conversion-therapy-suit-sparks-hope-for-true-change-181244041.html

Conversion Therapy Suit Sparks Hope for True Change


NEWS PROVIDED BY
Community Guardians Group 
Nov 28, 2012, 03:47 ET


KEW GARDENS HILLS, N.Y., Nov. 28, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- A group of men dissatisfied with an organization offering therapy that promised to rid them of their homosexual attractions have filed a lawsuit in New Jersey court alleging consumer fraud. The Community Guardians Group, a New-York based organization that seeks to engage the spirit of Torah values in dialogue with American society, released the following statement.
"The allegations stated in the complaint against JONAH, as reported by the press are disturbing to any G-d fearing person," said Dovid Z. Schwartz, Director of the CGG. "If these accusations are true, many vulnerable young people may have been grossly mistreated by the very people they sought to help them.
"Everyone has a unique set of challenges, but the Almighty Creator endowed every human being with the ability to rule over his or her desires. The impulse of sexual attraction may require a person to struggle for control just as much as the impulse for violence to others. These men and women who feel betrayed by therapy should never lose hope of realizing the true strength of their souls."
According to the tradition of Judaism, the Torah that G-d Almighty gave the Jewish people also contains a universal code of laws applicable to all mankind. Called the "Seven Laws of Noah," this code contains the foundations of human society, including a prohibition against acts of homosexuality, alongside murder, theft and cruelty to animals. The Community Guardians Group is a grassroots organization based in the New York City area that seeks to engage the spirit of the eternal values of the Torah in dialogue on matters that confront American society.
SOURCE Community Guardians Group
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Monday, June 22, 2020

Fire Ilhan Omar for not implementing Noahide Law says this Jew


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Tzemach Yehudah Richter is a blogger for the the Times of Israel and is emphatic that the Noahide Laws are mandatory and obligatory for all mankind. Here he seems to suggest that Representative Ilhan Omar should be fired for not following the Noahide Laws, which he says are "easy to put into practice". So what exactly is he expecting, Ilhan to decapitate homosexuals, atheists, Christians, pagans and more?

https://blogs.timesofisrael.com/seven-laws-of-noah-many-of-which-dont-apply-to-omar/

Seven Laws Of Noah, Many Of Which, Don’t Apply To Omar

By Tzemach Yehudah Richter

FEB 16, 2020, 8:20 PM

The seven Noahide laws as traditionally enumerated are the following:[7][8]


  1. Not to worship idols.
  2. Not to curse God.
  3. To establish courts of justice.
  4. Not to commit murder.
  5. Not to commit adultery, bestiality, or sexual immorality.
  6. Not to steal.
  7. Not to eat flesh torn from a living animal.
So here are seven fundamental demands for all of us, no matter who we are. It is our duty as human beings to observe these laws. No one is above the law, especially when it comes to these seven fundamental laws.
It should be a fundamental duty of all decent people to follow these laws, so that we can live in harmony with our fellow human being.
All of these laws are easy to understand and easy to put into practice. And there should be no argument from anyone that these laws must be strictly followed.
They are easier to follow than the Ten Commandments because there are only seven laws instead of ten. But for one reason or another, all people don’t look at it that way.
To Make It Easier, Let’s Look At Only Three Of These Seven Laws
  1. Not To Commit Murder
  2. Not To Commit Adultery, Bestiality Or Sexual Immortality
  3. Not To Steal
There is nothing complicated about the three above mentioned laws. These three laws are in the Ten Commandments we just read in Shul.
I Am Having Difficulty Understanding Why Congress Is Ignoring Point Three Above
Point Three requires the establishment of Courts Of Law which will insure that justice is maintained throughout the world.
The United States has a Supreme Court and a full judiciary system.
The United States Congress has lawmakers, the vast majority of whom are qualified attorneys and should know the laws of the United States.
I understand-
There is a current battle in Congress between Democrats and Republicans in this election year.
I understand-
The Democrats have decided they want to remove President Trump and they brought impeachment hearings into Congress which failed miserably
What I don’t understand is-
Why Representative Omar from Minnesota’s 5th District Remains In Her Seat!!!!
From the time I lived in Minneapolis until now, there has never been a point in time that my home town was such a dangerous place to live in. Omar has done nothing about this to my knowledge-
Just a few stories out of many which prove Omar’s failure to do her job and proves my point are contained in the following links-
What she is heavily involved with is the ongoing saga with her finances and her new boyfriend as per the following link-
It is time that Omar be investigated and removed from her seat.
What is the reason for the delay?
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Born and raised in the Minneapolis suburb of St. Louis Park. Married to a South African, we lived in Johannesburg from 1979 to 1996. Made Aliyah with our seven children on Parshat Lech Lecha. BSB Accounting Degree from the University of Minnesota. Investment Portfolio Manager /Fundamental And Technical Analyst. Wrote in-depth research on companies, markets, commodities for leading financial publications. Served in the US Army Reserves Semi Retired spending quality time with my wife, children, grandchildren and attend Kollel while analyzing current events as they relate to Torah and Mitzvahs.
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Friday, June 12, 2020

In regards to Noahide Law and stealing, Jews may escape execution by returning the stolen property, non-Jews may not


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We have already read in the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia that there is a disparity in the legal rights and punishments between Jews and non-Jews who are subject to the Noahide Laws. While a non-Jew who steals even the lowest denomination of coin (such as a penny) is executed, a Jew must steal larger amounts of money in order to be executed (here) and the article below backs up this sentiment. And don't forget, Jews are allowed to steal from (and murder) non-Jews without penalty (here & here). However Jews are also given another option that non-Jews are not given to escape execution. Unlike a non-Jew, a Jew may escape execution for stealing if they return the stolen property (to another Jew), but a non-Jew is given no such benefit, whether he stole from a Jew or a non-Jew. 

DIRECT QUOTE

And inform him of the sin [incurred through neglect] of leqet, shikh’cha, pe’ah and the poor tithe. Why? Rabbi Chiyya bar Abba said in the name of Rabbi Yochanan, Because Noahides are executed for the theft of even less than a peruta, and cannot [avoid punishment by] restoring [the stolen property]...

...we explain that when he is no longer a Noahide but an Israelite he will be subject to laws with clearly defined limits (theft is not a capital offence, it is actionable only if exceeding a peruta in value and there is the possibility of redress); nevertheless, depriving the poor of their due is a grievous offence before God.

https://www.thejc.com/judaism/books/what-the-talmud-says-about-converts-1.9461

FULL ARTICLE

What the Talmud says about converts
In an extract from Norman Solomon’s new Penguin Classics edition of The Talmud, the rabbis discuss some of the requirements for conversion
Anonymous
May 27, 2009

The Talmud, A Selection, a new translation with an introduction by Norman Solomon, Penguin Classics, £16.99

Rabbi Solomon writes:

The anecdotes about Hillel and Shammai in Shabbat 31a indicate a strongly encouraging attitude towards converts, but the baraita below suggests caution, perhaps necessary when converts to Judaism lapsed and slandered Jews to the occupying authorities, or if they joined Christian or heretical sects and made a nuisance of themselves. This may be what lies behind Rabbi Chelbo’s caustic yet ambivalent comparison of converts to a “scab”.

From TRACTATE YEVAMOT CHAPTER FOUR

GEMARA:

The rabbis taught: When someone nowadays presents himself for conversion, we say to him: Why do you wish to convert? Are you not aware that nowadays Israelites are careworn, stressed, despised, harassed and persecuted? If he responds, “I know, and I [feel] unworthy [to share their troubles]”, we accept him at once. We instruct him in some of the easy mitzvot and some of the hard ones, and inform him of the sin [incurred through neglect] of leqet, shikhcha, pe’ah and the poor tithe, and of the punishment for [infringing] the commandments.

We say to him, “Be aware that before you reached this stage you were not liable to karet for eating prohibited fats, nor to stoning for breaking the Sabbath; now, if you eat prohibited fats you are liable to karet, and if you break the Sabbath you are liable to stoning.”

Just as we inform him of the punishment for [infringing] the commandments, we inform him of the reward [for obedience]. We tell him, “You should know that the world is made for the righteous, but that Israel nowadays cannot endure either too much well-being or too much suffering.” We don’t [alarm him] excessively, nor do we enter into too much detail.

If he accepts, we circumcise him at once; if strips [of foreskin] are left that invalidate the circumcision, this is corrected {*see note 1}. When he has recovered, he is immersed in the pool without delay. Two learned men stand nearby, reminding him of some of the easy mitzvot and some of the hard ones. As soon as he emerges and dries himself, he is an Israelite in all respects.

If [the convert] is a woman, women support her in water up to her neck, and two learned men stand outside, reminding her of some of the easy mitzvot and some of the hard ones. The same procedure applies to a proselyte as to a slave who is being freed; {*2} both proselyte and slave may immerse in any [pool that is valid for purification of ] a menstruant; moreover, whatever is an impediment [to immersion]{*3} is an impediment [equally] for proselyte, slave and menstruant.

A teacher said: If someone presents himself nowadays for conversion we say to him: Why do you wish to convert? . . . We instruct him in some of the easy mitzvot and some of the hard ones. What is the reason for this? [It is] so that if he wishes to leave he may [easily do so], for Rabbi Chelbo said, Proselytes are as bad for Israel as a scab, as it is written, "And strangers shall join them and shall cleave to the House of Jacob” (Isaiah 14:1){*4}

And inform him of the sin [incurred through neglect] of leqet, shikh’cha, pe’ah and the poor tithe. Why? Rabbi Chiyya bar Abba said in the name of Rabbi Yochanan, Because Noahides are executed for the theft of even less than a peruta, and cannot [avoid punishment by] restoring [the stolen property]. {*5}

We don’t [alarm him] excessively, nor do we enter into too much detail. Rabbi Eleazar said, Where do we find this in Scripture? It is written [of Ruth], “When [Naomi] saw how determined she was to go with her, she ceased to argue with her” (Ruth 1:18). [Naomi said,] We are forbidden to cross the Sabbath boundaries; [Ruth replied:] "Wherever you go, I will go.” We are forbidden to remain alone with men; [she replied:] “Wherever you lodge, I will lodge.” We have 613 commandments [to keep]; “Your people shall be my people.” We must not worship idols; “And your God is my God.” We have four kinds of death sentence; “Where you die, I will die.” The court has two graveyards [for criminals]; ““and there I will be buried” (Ruth 1:16, 17).

If he accepts, we circumcise him at once. Why? One does not delay a mitzvah.

If strips [of foreskin] are left that invalidate the circumcision, this is corrected. This is to comply with the Mishnah, which states: The following strips [of foreskin] invalidate the circumcision: flesh that covers the majority of the glans; if these are not removed he may not eat terumah {*6}. Rabbi Jeremiah bar Abba said in Rav’s name, [This means] flesh that covers most of the glans lengthwise.

When he has recovered, he is immersed in the pool without delay. When he has recovered, but not before he has recovered. Why is this? Because water irritates the wound.

Two learned men stand nearby ... But didn’t Rabbi Chiyya say in the name of Rabbi Yochanan, A proselyte requires three [assessors]? [Indeed,] Rabbi Yochanan instructed his Tanna, Say “three”! {*7

As soon as he emerges and dries himself he is an Israelite in all respects. How does this affect the law? If he reverts, and then marries an Israelite woman, he has the status of an apostate Israelite and any marriage he contracts is valid.

The same procedure applies to a proselyte as to a slave who is being freed. You would assume this means with regard to formally committing himself to the mitzvot {*8}. As against that [assumption, a baraita states]: To whom does this apply? To a proselyte. But a slave who is being freed does not need to make a formal commitment to the mitzvot.

Rav Sheshet said, No problem! One is the opinion of Rabbi Simeon ben Eleazar, the other the opinion of the [majority of ] Sages. A baraita states: ““She shall weep for her father and her mother (Deuteronomy 21:13){*9} – When does this apply? If she has not accepted [the mitzvot]. But if she has accepted, she immerses herself and is permitted to [marry her captor] immediately. Rabbi Simeon ben Eleazar says, Even if she has not accepted [the mitzvot], she is immersed to establish her slave status, then immersed again to free her, and when he has freed her he is immediately permitted [to take her as his wife].

*1 literally, we circumcise him a second time

*2 on receiving his freedom a non-Israelite slave automatically becomes anIsraelite.

*3 ie anything that physically interposes between the water and the bather.

*4 the Hebrew v’nisp’chu (“they shall join’) is derived from the same root as sapachat (scab’ – an attachment to the skin), one of the symptoms of the affliction (“leprosy”) described in Leviticus 13. By citing a verse that clearly regards conversions as a blessing, Rabbi Chelbo gives a double edge to his remark; it is in any case contradicted by Rabbi Meir’s comment that “even a Gentile who engages in the study of Torah is like the High Priest” (Bava Qama 38a).

*5 we explain that when he is no longer a Noahide but an Israelite he will be subject to laws with clearly defined limits (theft is not a capital offence, it is actionable only if exceeding a peruta in value and there is the possibility of redress); nevertheless, depriving the poor of their due is a grievous offence before God.

*6 Mishnah Shabbat 19:6 (137a).

*7 that is, he adjusted the text of the baraita to fit his opinion that three were required.

*8 literally, “accepting the yoke of the mitzvot”.

*9 the topic is the beautiful woman taken captive in war.

TERMS

baraita material from Mishnaic period not incorporated into
the Mishnah

karet biblical punishment of excision, being "cut off"
from the people

peah,leqet and shikhcha various agricultural produce to
be left for the poor

Tanna "repeaters", the Sages of the Mishnaic period

terumah food offering a sixtieth of which was set aside
for the priests
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Thursday, June 11, 2020

Are Jews obligated to force non-Jews to follow Noahide Law?

The Noahide Struggle - breslev.co.il

After hearing about the Noahide Laws, many non-Jews begin to fret that somehow, some way, Jews will find a way to force non-Jews to comply with the Noahide Laws. Noahide apologists will often respond to this by saying that Jew have no obligation to force non-Jews to follow the Noahide Laws, and it would only be up to a non-Jewish society which has accepted the Noahide Laws to exact the death penalty. You will notice that almost everything in Noahidism is up for interpretation, and yes Rabbis disagree as to whether or not Jews are obligated to force non-Jews to follow Noahide Laws. Professor Nahum Rakover teaches at Bar-Ilan University in Israel. In his book "Law and the Noahide", Rakover demonstrates that according to the great and respected Jewish legal scholar Maimonides, Jews are certainly obligated to force non-Jews to comply with the Noahide Laws. Rabbi Menechem Mendel Schneerson who is said in Public Law 101-267 to be the leader of world Jewry (here) and a fierce proponent of the Noahide Laws, agrees with these sentiments that Jews should use "force" (and if not pleasantry) to enforce the Noahide Laws on non-Jews (here). Please notice in the text below that Rokover begins the discussion with Noahide non-Jews who live inside the land of Israel (ger toshavs), however he makes it clear that these same values of enforcing Noahide law upon non-Jews applies to non-Jews living outside the land of Israel as well. Jews and Noahides only give us the most liberal interpretations of the Noahide Laws, liberal interpretations which are refuted by heavy weights in the word of Judaism and Noahidism, names like Maimonides and Schneerson. 


http://www.daat.ac.il/daat/vl/noahides/noahides01.pdf

LAW and the NOAHIDES 
LAW AS A UNIVERSAL VALUE 
By Prof Nahum Rakover 

Chapter 7
JURISDICTION OVER NON-JEWS 

Are Jews obligated to enforce the observance of the Noahide obligation of dinim? Such association might bear on the appointment of judges for non-Jews, sanctions against non-Jews for failure to appoint judges, and punishment of non-Jews for violations of Noahide law.

 Maimonides rules clearly[234] that an obligation does exist to appoint judges for resident aliens (ger toshav)
to judge them according to [Noahide] laws, in order that the world not be destroyed. And the court is permitted to decide for itself whether to appoint Jewish or non-Jewish judges.[235]
Maharam Shik, one of the Later Authorities, concludes that there exists an obligation for Jewish courts to judge non-Jews for their violations. He reasons that with regard to the punishment of transgressors it is impossible to draw distinctions, and that if non-Jewish violators are not punished, Jews may ultimately suffer: [236]
In any case, it appears to me that anything that involves dealing with transgressors, even if they are descendants of Noah, is our concern, for others will learn from any evil done in public and follow suit, and in the very least, the sight of the commission of evil is harmful to the soul. Thus, in trying them, we are protecting ourselves. In any case, it is inconceivable that any person living among the residents of a given city be beyond the jurisdiction of the court. 
This may well be the intent of Maimonides in the passage just cited when he explains the obligation to appoint judges with the words, "that the world not be destroyed." [237]

With regard to descendants of Noah who are not resident aliens, Maimonides' definition[238] of dinim requires some clarification:
What is meant by the commandment of dinim? That [Noahides) are obliged to appoint dayyanim and shofetim[239] in every district[240] to adjudicate matters concerned with the other six [Noahide] commandments and to caution the people.[241] And a descendant of Noah who violates any of these seven commandments, is put to death by the sword. This is why the residents of Shekhem [see Gen. 34] were deserving of death, for Shekhem had been guilty of robbery, and they witnessed the incident and did bring him to justice. [242]
What is meant by "obliged to appoint dayyanim and shofetim"? Why does Maimonides use both terms when elsewhere, [243] with reference to Deuteronomy 16: 18, he notes that their meaning is identical?
 It is a positive biblical commandment to appoint judges [shofetim] and officers in every country and every district, as is written (Deut. 16:18), "Judges and officers shall you appoint in all your gates." Shofetim, these are the permanent dayyanim of the court, before whom litigants appear.
Also, what does "put to death by the sword" mean? Is a Jewish court obliged to administer punishment? Or is it optional, the obligation to administer punishment devolving only upon the descendants of Noah themselves?

Nahmanides[244] understands Maimonides to mean that Jewish courts are obliged to try descendants of Noah. Regarding the incident of Shekhem (Gen. 34), he writes, [245] "Many have asked how the righteous sons of Jacob could spill innocent blood." In response, he cites the passage from Maimonides quoted above
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[VIDEO] Rabbi says don't save the life of unknown non-Jews... they might not follow the Noahide Laws

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The cover photo of this post features an image from the book "The Rainbow Covenant" written by whom I believe is a Noahide, Michael Ellias Dallen. The cartoon shows a priest who sits on shore with a life boat, doing nothing as a person drowns in the water. According to the Noahide Law, a non-Jew is not permitted to allow another non-Jews to be in a deadly situation without trying to help them. The cartoon obviously implies that non-Jews who don't follow the Noahide Law are barbarians who do not care about human life and would allow a life to perish before their eyes. However, the Rabbi in this video below shows the blatant hypocrisy of these sentiments when he makes it absolutely clear that if a Jew finds an unknown non-Jew on the brink of death (in his example falling off a cliff), the Jew himself should not offer assistance because it is not known whether or not the non-Jew is following the Noahide Laws. The Rabbi knows that such a stance could cause animosity toward Jews, so he suggests lying (saying you can't swim to save a drowning person) in order to get out of saving the life of a non-Jew who is about to die, and he gives Jewish legal references. Appallingly hypocritical!

VIDEO
Don't Save The Life Of Unknow Non-Jews
They Might Not Follow Noahide Law


ALSO SEE
VIDEO TO THIS ARTICLE

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Friday, January 31, 2020

Jews are "obligated" to promote the Noahide Laws among non-Jews

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http://chng.it/yXcvjMZk

VIDEO TO THIS ARTICLE

Rabbi Schneerson is the Rabbi who is lauded in Public Law 102-14 for his work in spreading the Noahide Laws world wide (here), he also stated that non-Jews have Satanic souls and only exist to serve Jews (here). Further, Schneerson made it clear that Jews (even outside of a Jewish court system) can use force (if not possible then through pleasantry) to compel non-Jews to accept the Noahide Laws (here). When discussing Noahide law, despite the Rabbi's obvious words, many Jews will claim that Jews have no obligation to promote the Noahide Laws among non-Jews. However, again the Rabbi disagrees. In the book "To Perfect the World: The Lubavitcher Rebbe's Call to Teach the Noahide Code to all Mankind" by Rabbi Yehoishophot Oliver, legal references provided by the Rabbi are lined up to prove that Jews are "obligated" to promote the Noahide Laws among non-Jews. How this "promotion" is done seems up for debate, as the Rabbi left "force" on the table. 

The following is from the first chapter of the book "To Perfect the World: The Lubavitcher Rebbe's Call to Teach the Noahide Code to all Mankind" by by Rabbi Yehoishophot Oliver

Chapter One:
Classic Teachings on the Obligation for Jews
 to Promote Belief in G-d and the Noahide Code

Rambam, Sefer HaMitzvos, Positive Mitzvah 3

... “And you shall love the L-rd your G-d”[1] ... They [our Sages] said that this Commandment also includes calling upon all people to serve G-d (exalted be He) and have faith in Him. For just as when you love someone, you will praise and extol him, and call upon others to love him, so by analogy, when you truly love G-d through grasping His truth, you will undoubtedly call [others] ... to the true knowledge which you have already grasped. As the Sifré says:[2] “‘And you shall love the L-rd’ – you should make Him beloved of mankind as Avraham your father did, as it says,[3] ‘And the souls that they made in Charan.’ ” That is to say, just as Avraham, for the sake of his love of the L-rd – as Scripture testifies, “Avraham who loved Me”[4] – summoned mankind to believe, by the power of his conception of G-d and the greatness of his love for Him, so too, you must love Him to the extent that you will call mankind to Him.

Rambam, Hilchos Melachim 8:10-11[5]

Moshe was commanded by the Almighty to compel all the inhabitants of the world to accept the commandments given to Noah’s descendants. ... Anyone who accepts upon himself the fulfillment of these seven commandments and is precise in their observance is considered one of “the pious among the Gentiles,” and will merit a share in the World to Come. This applies only when he accepts them and fulfills them because the Holy One, blessed be He, commanded them in the Torah and informed us through Moshe, our teacher, that Noah’s descendants had been commanded to fulfill them previously.

Tosefos Yom Tov on Pirkei Avos 3:14

[Rabbi Akiva used to say,] “Beloved is man, for he was created in the image [of G-d]. It is an even greater love [that it was made known to him that he was created in the image], as it is written: For in the image of G-d He made man”: Rabbi Akiva intended to straighten the ways of all Gentiles, as we [the Jewish people] were commanded by Moshe our teacher, according to the words of Rambam [loc. cit.]. And if we are commanded to compel them ... how much more so should this be done through verbal persuasion, to draw their hearts to [follow] the will of their Creator and the desire of their Rock.

Radak on Yeshayahu 42:6

“I [G-d] will set you [the Jews] for a covenant to the people, for a light to the nations”: For on account of the Jewish people, the Gentiles will observe the Seven Commandments and go on the good path.

Sforno on Shmos 19:6

“You will be for Me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation”: Through this they will be My beloved people [in Hebrew, am segulah] and [recognized as] a kingdom of priests, by under-taking to teach all of mankind to call upon the Name of G-d and to serve Him with one purpose, as it is said,[6] “And you, priests of G-d, shall call out,” and as it is said,[7] “From Zion the Torah will go forth” [to the whole world].


Chasam Sofer on Choshen Mishpat #85

We are commanded to guide Gentiles [in the service of G-d].

Sefer Chassidim

No. 360: A Gentile who is enthusiastic in observing the Seven Noahide Commandments ... should be honored more than a Jew who doesn’t occupy himself with learning Torah.

No. 1124: If one sees a Gentile committing a sin and can object, then one should, for G-d sent Yonah to Nineveh to influence them to abandon their sins.

Baal HaTurim on Shmos 20:14[8]

The 620 [Hebrew] letters of the Ten Commandments correspond to the 613 Commandments for Jews and the Seven Noahide Commandments.

Footnotes:

[1] Devarim 6:5.

[2] Sifré, ibid.

[3] Bereishis 7:5.

[4] Yeshayahu 41:8.

[5] Translation from Mishneh Torah, Moznaim Publishing.

[6] Yeshayahu 61:6.

[7] Ibid. 2:3.

[8] See Likkutei Sichos, Vol. 26, p. 132. See also Hisvaaduyos 5749, Vol. 2, p. 156, fn. 94, that this underlines how the effect of Torah upon the Gentile nations is a fundamental part of the Torah.
Additionally 

"Any person who has already worked successfully in this area should try to influence other Jews to do likewise. Resistance should not deter one when attempting to influence a further individual to accept upon himself the task of disseminating the Noahide Laws amongst the nations." (Hisvaduyos 5750 2:18-19)
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